Microsoft Security Operations Analyst (SC-200日本語版) - SC-200日本語 Exam Questions

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Explanation:
Table: DeviceFileEvents
Aggregation function: count()
In Microsoft Defender XDR advanced hunting, data tables such as DeviceFileEvents , DeviceProcessEvents
, and CloudAppEvents are used to investigate various types of activities. Since this query aims to investigate an issue related to file activity-specifically identifying when files have been accessed, modified, or created repeatedly-the correct data source table is DeviceFileEvents . This table contains information about file- level activities recorded by Defender for Endpoint sensors, including file path, file name, action type, and user account involved.
The KQL structure shown in the image follows standard hunting query syntax:
DeviceFileEvents
| where Timestamp > ago(2d)
| summarize activityCount = count() by FolderPath, FileName, ActionType, AccountDisplayName
| where activityCount > 5
Here's why:
* The where Timestamp > ago(2d) clause filters results from the last 2 days, a typical timeframe for immediate investigations.
* The summarize operator groups events by FolderPath, FileName, ActionType, and AccountDisplayName, then uses count() to determine how many times each file was acted upon.
* Finally, where activityCount > 5 filters to show only unusually high-frequency activity, which might indicate suspicious or automated file manipulation.
Microsoft Defender XDR documentation highlights that DeviceFileEvents is the correct schema for file activity investigations, while DeviceProcessEvents focuses on process creation and execution, and CloudAppEvents targets cloud application usage.
Thus, the verified and documented correct completions are:
Table: DeviceFileEvents
Aggregation function: count()

Explanation:
Statements
Answer
Both virtual machines have inbound rules that allow access from either Any or Internet ranges.
Yes
Both virtual machines have management ports exposed directly to the internet.
Yes
If you enable just-in-time network access controls on all virtual machines, you will increase the secure score by four points.
Yes
In the Microsoft Defender for Cloud (Azure Security Center) screenshot, the Secure Score report shows several active security recommendations, including:
* " Restrict unauthorized network access " with a potential score increase of +9% (4 points) for 2 of 2 resources .
* " Secure management ports " with a potential score increase of +9% (4 points) for 1 of 2 resources .
These controls correspond to Defender for Cloud recommendations related to network security and exposure of management ports (RDP/SSH) . The fact that both controls show "2 of 2 resources" or "1 of 2 resources" as unhealthy means both virtual machines currently have NSG or firewall rules that allow inbound access from "Any" or "Internet ranges," indicating open ports and insecure configurations.
According to Microsoft documentation ("Improve your Secure Score in Microsoft Defender for Cloud"), enabling Just-In-Time (JIT) VM access mitigates these findings by restricting inbound RDP/SSH access to approved users for limited time windows, thereby increasing the Secure Score. Each remediated recommendation increases the Secure Score by the number of points shown in the "Potential score increase" column (4 points in this case).
Because Azure Policy shows no assigned or conflicting policies , compliance enforcement is not yet active, confirming that the current exposure is due to lack of configuration rather than policy override.
Therefore:
* The two VMs have inbound Internet-accessible rules # Yes .
* They have management ports exposed # Yes .
* Enabling JIT network access would fix both recommendations, improving the Secure Score by 4 points
# Yes .

Explanation:

To hunt for resource changes in an Azure subscription via Microsoft Sentinel, the correct telemetry source is the AzureActivity table. Microsoft documents state that Azure Activity logs record control-plane operations against Azure resources (e.g., create/update/delete) and include fields such as OperationNameValue , ActivityStatusValue , Caller , ResourceId , and EventSubmissionTimestamp . Filtering with OperationNameValue endswith " write " captures change operations (create/update), while ActivityStatusValue == " Succeeded " ensures only successful changes are counted. For time-series analysis over fixed intervals and to substitute missing data points with 0 , use the KQL make-series operator with the default=0 parameter. This operator builds per-principal daily series using on EventSubmissionTimestamp in range(ago(7d), now(), 1d) by Caller , and dcount(ResourceId) (or count() ) returns the number of resource changes each day per Microsoft Entra security principal. This aligns with Sentinel hunting best practices: use AzureActivity for subscription-level changes, filter to succeeded writes, and leverage make-series to produce a 7-day daily series with zero-fill for gaps-minimizing false impressions caused by missing events.
Final KQL:
AzureActivity
| where OperationNameValue endswith " write "
| where ActivityStatusValue == " Succeeded "
| make-series dcount(ResourceId) default=0
on EventSubmissionTimestamp in range(ago(7d), now(), 1d)
by Caller

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Explanation:

In Microsoft Purview , permissions to perform searches, audits, and investigations are managed through role groups within the Microsoft Purview compliance portal . Each role group provides specific capabilities aligned with least privilege principles.
User1 - Search Audit Logs and Review Configuration To allow a user to:
* Search the Microsoft Purview Audit logs , and
* Review the Audit configuration and settings ,
...the required role group is Audit Reader .
According to Microsoft documentation:
"Members of the Audit Reader role group can search the audit log for user and admin activities and view audit configuration settings." This group grants audit-related permissions only - it does not grant access to other Purview or mailbox content, meeting the least privilege requirement.
# User1 = Audit Reader
User2 - Search Exchange Online Mailboxes To allow a user to:
* Perform content searches across Microsoft Exchange Online mailboxes ,
...the correct role group is Data Investigator .
Per Microsoft Purview documentation:
"Members of the Data Investigator role group can perform content searches across Exchange Online, SharePoint Online, and OneDrive locations." Other options such as Communication Compliance Investigators or Insider Risk Management Investigators are specific to their respective Purview solutions and not used for general content or mailbox searches.
# User2 = Data Investigator

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Explanation:

To create a query in Microsoft Sentinel (using Kusto Query Language - KQL) that displays the number of daily security alerts over the last 30 days in a timechart , you need to:
* Filter the dataset ( SecurityAlert ) to include only alerts generated in the last 30 days.
* Aggregate the number of alerts per provider per day using summarize .
* Group those alerts into daily time buckets using bin(TimeGenerated, 1d) .
* Render the output visually with a timechart.
The correct query structure is:
SecurityAlert
| where TimeGenerated > = ago(30d)
| summarize count() by ProviderName, bin(TimeGenerated, 1d)
| render timechart
* summarize # Used to aggregate or count data (e.g., total alerts) by specified fields. In this case, it's needed to count alerts per provider and per day.
* bin # Used to group time-based data into evenly spaced intervals (1 day here) for trend visualization. It aligns timestamps to a fixed period boundary (daily).
* lookup # Used to enrich data from another table, not aggregation.
* project # Used to select specific columns, not to count or group.
* make-series # Also used for time-series data but more suited for generating continuous series (useful for missing data handling). Here, bin is simpler and sufficient.
* range # Used to create a sequence of numbers or times manually, not for aggregation.
Explanation of the Correct Options: Why not the other options:
# Final Query Answer:
SecurityAlert
| where TimeGenerated > = ago(30d)
| summarize count() by ProviderName, bin(TimeGenerated, 1d)
| render timechart

Explanation:
Log Analytics workspace to use: LA1
Windows security events to collect: All Events
To meet the Azure Defender (Microsoft Defender for Cloud) requirement that all servers send logs to the same Log Analytics workspace , you should select the existing workspace LA1 . Defender for Cloud best practices recommend centralizing data in a single workspace for unified analytics, incident correlation, and cost control. Using the "Default workspace created by Azure Security Center" or creating a new workspace would fragment telemetry, complicate management, and contradict the stated requirement and the business goal to minimize costs (multiple workspaces can increase ingestion/retention overhead and complicate RBAC and automation).
For Windows hosts, Defender for Cloud's Data collection setting controls the level of Windows Security Events collected: Minimal , Common , or All Events . The business requirement calls for logs that provide a full audit trail of user activities . In Microsoft guidance, All Events is the level intended for comprehensive auditing (including logon/logoff, account changes, privilege use, process creation, object access, and other advanced categories). Therefore, to satisfy the "full audit trail" requirement and ensure complete visibility for investigations and Sentinel analytics, choose All Events .
In summary: centralize on LA1 (single workspace) and collect All Events to achieve both operational and compliance objectives with Defender for Cloud and Sentinel.
Topic 3, Adatum Corporation
Adatum Corporation is a United States-based financial services company that has regional offices in New York, Chicago, and San Francisco.
The on-premises network contains an Active Directory Domain Services (AD DS) forest named corp.adatum.
com that syncs with an Azure AD tenant named adatum.com. All user and group management tasks are performed in corp.adatum.com. The corp.adatum.com domain contains a group named Group! that syncs with adatum.com.
All the users at Adatum are assigned a Microsoft 365 E5 license and an Azure Active Directory Perineum 92 license.
The cloud environment contains a Microsoft 365 subscription, an Azure subscription linked to the adatum.
com tenant, and the resources shown in the following table.

The on-premises network contains the resources shown in the following table.

Adatum plans to perform the following changes;
* Implement a query named rulequery1 that will include the following KQL query.

* Implement a Microsoft Sentinel scheduled rule that generates incidents based on rulequery1.
Adatum identifies the following Microsoft Defender for Cloud requirements:
* The members of Group1 must be able to enable Defender for Cloud plans and apply regulatory compliance initiatives.
* Microsoft Defender for Servers Plan 2 must be enabled on all the Azure virtual machines.
* Server2 must be excluded from agentless scanning.
Adatum identifies the following Microsoft Sentinel requirements:
* Implement an Advanced Security Information Model (ASIM) query that will return a count of DNS requests that results in an NXDOMAIN response from Infoblox1.
* Ensure that multiple alerts generated by rulequery1 in response to a single user launching Azure Cloud Shell multiple times are consolidated as a single incident.
* Implement the Windows Security Events via AMA connector for Microsoft Sentinel and configure it to monitor the Security event log of Server1.
* Ensure that incidents generated by rulequery1 are closed automatically if Azure Cloud Shell is launched by the company ' s SecOps team.
* Implement a custom Microsoft Sentinel workbook named Workbook1 that will include a query to dynamically retrieve data from Webapp1.
* Implement a Microsoft Sentinel near-real-time (NRT) analytics rule that detects sign-ins to a designated break glass account
* Ensure that HuntingQuery1 runs automatically when the Hunting page of Microsoft Sentinel in the Azure portal is accessed.
* Ensure that higher than normal volumes of password resets for corp.adatum.com user accounts are detected.
* Minimize the overhead associated with queries that use ASIM parsers.
* Ensure that the Group1 members can create and edit playbooks.
* Use built-in ASIM parsers whenever possible.
Adatum identifies the following business requirements:
* Follow the principle of least privilege whenever possible.
* Minimize administrative effort whenever possible.
Directory Perineum 92 license.

Explanation:
Yes No Yes
According to Microsoft Copilot for Security and Defender for Cloud (Azure Firewall) integration guidance, Copilot can retrieve information from connected security data sources such as Log Analytics, Microsoft Sentinel, and Defender XDR. To access data via Copilot prompts, two conditions must be satisfied:
* The user must have the appropriate Copilot role (Owner or Contributor).
* The user must have the necessary Azure permissions (RBAC) to access the underlying data source or workspace (e.g., Log Analytics, Sentinel, or Azure Firewall logs).
User1 - Has the Contributor role at the subscription level , meaning full access to all resource groups and Log Analytics workspaces. As a Copilot Owner , User1 can query Copilot and retrieve data from AFW1 logs (which are in Log Analytics). Hence, Yes .
User2 - Also has Contributor rights at the subscription level but is only a Copilot Contributor . A Copilot Contributor can collaborate in sessions but cannot initiate or run data retrieval prompts independently.
Therefore, No for AFW2.
User3 - Has the Security Reader role at the resource group level, providing read access to security data for that group, and is a Copilot Owner , enabling prompt access to connected security sources. Since AFW3 logs are in Log Analytics within the same resource group, User3 can retrieve data using Copilot. Thus, Yes .
Therefore, the correct answers are:
* User1 # Yes
* User2 # No
* User3 # Yes